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1D simulation of the impact of direct water injection on a small SI engine performance and emissions
1
Department of Automotive Vehicles, Cracow Univertsity of Technology, Poland
Submission date: 2024-07-24
Final revision date: 2025-01-06
Acceptance date: 2025-01-13
Online publication date: 2025-02-14
Corresponding author
Marcin Noga
Department of Automotive Vehicles, Cracow Univertsity of Technology, Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864, Kraków, Poland
Department of Automotive Vehicles, Cracow Univertsity of Technology, Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864, Kraków, Poland
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The paper contain results of 1D simualtion of the direct water injection for the four stroke single cylinder gasoline engine and shows comparison between cycles with and without water addition.Various water injection timing, as well as water to fuel ratios were considered, including injection during compression stroke and just after finishing the combustion. Results show that direct water injection in internal combustion engines has a minimal effect on overall performance parameters but improves emission levels, particularly reducing NOx emissions. Injection at 100 deg bTDC consistently shows the greatest reduction in NOx emissions across scenarios. However, late water injection during combustion increases HC emissions.
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