The fundamental issues of safety management in air transportation systems are addressed based on the relevant safety indicators and their target levels. These are the so-called Safety Performance Indicators (SPI) and Safety Performance Targets (SPT), respectively. The values of the indicated characteristics are derived from past events, using accepted statistical models. Although such a retrospective approach is justified, the authors of this article feel that it requires certain conditions that would allow their use in subsequent years. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to calculate and present current SPI values for selected aviation events and to anticipate problems of their application in the future. In pursuit of this goal, the classification of safety level indicators and methods of their determination are presented. Their use in various situations of formation of the number of aviation events and operations is discussed. Additional statistical measures and the algorithm for proceeding in using SPI, SPT and correlation coefficient to support the analysis of safety indicators were proposed.