For many years Vienna Motor Symposium has been recognized as one of the most important networking events for specialists in engine and vehicle research and production worldwide. The most important questions related to the present and future development of means of transport, drivetrains, energy sources and conversion issues, not to mention the pollution generated by transport have been discussed. Some important future trends and strategies have also been identified and defined. This paper presents the main issues that were reported and discussed in the Symposium held in April 2008.