Influence of (hydrous) ethanol blends on (particle) emissions of small 2-& 4-stroke scooters Part 2
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Publication date: 2011-05-01
Combustion Engines 2011,145(2), 3-16
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ABSTRACT
The objectives of the present work are to investigate the regulated and unregulated (particle) emissions of a classical and modern 2-stroke and a typical 4-stroke scooter with different ethanol blend fuels. There is also comparison of two different ethanol fuels: pure ethanol (E) and hydrous ethanol (EH) which contains 3.9% water and is denatured with 1.5% gasoline. Special attention is paid in this research to the hydrous ethanol, since the production costs of hydrous ethanol are much less than those for (dry) ethanol.